| Contents in detail: Abstract Foreword 1. Innovations 2. History 3. Assessments
PART I – FORMALITIES 1. The standard forms 1. Copulative a
fortiori arguments 2. Implicational a
fortiori arguments 3. Validations 4. Ranging from zero or
less 5. Secondary moods
2. More formalities 1. Species and Genera 2. Proportionality 3. A crescendo argument 4. Hermeneutics 5. Relative middle
terms
3. Still more formalities 1. Understanding the
laws of thought 2. Quantification 3. A fortiori through
induction 4. Antithetical items 5. Traductions
4. Apparently variant forms 1. Variations in form
and content 2. Logical-epistemic a
fortiori 3. Ethical-legal a
fortiori 4. There are no really
hybrid forms 5. Probable inferences 6. Correlating ontical
and probabilistic forms
5. Comparisons and
correlations 1. Analogical argument 2. Is a fortiori
argument syllogism? 3. Correlating
arguments 4. Structural
comparisons 5. From syllogism to a
fortiori argument 6. From a fortiori
argument to syllogism 7. Reiterating
translations 8. Lessons learned
PART II – ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL HISTORY 6. A fortiori in Greece and
Rome 1. Aristotle’s
observations 2. The Kneales’ list 3. Aristotle in
practice 4. Relation to
syllogism 5. Cicero 6. Alexander of
Aphrodisias 7. Historical questions
7. A fortiori in the Talmud 1. Brief history of a
fortiori 2. A brief course in
the relevant logic 3. A fresh analysis of
the Mishna Baba Qama 2:5 4. A logician’s reading
of Numbers 12:14-15 5. A critique of the
Gemara in Baba Qama 25a 6. A slightly different
reading of the Gemara
8. In the Talmud, continued 1. Natural,
conventional or revealed? 2. Measure for measure 3. The dayo principle
in formal terms 4. The human element 5. Qal vachomer without
dayo 6. Three additional
Gemara arguments 7. Assessment of the
Talmud’s logic 8. The syllogistic
Midot 9. Historical questions
9. Post-Talmudic rabbis 1. Logic and history
issues 2. Philo of Alexandria 3. Sifra 4. The Korach arguments 5. Saadia Gaon 6. Rashi and Tosafot 7. Kol zeh assim 8. Maimonides 9. More on medieval
authors 10. Moshe Chaim
Luzzatto 11. More research is
needed
10. A fortiori in the
Christian Bible 1. In the Christian
Bible 2. Jesus of Nazareth 3. Paul of Tarsus 4. In later Christian
discourse 5. Additional findings
11. Islamic ‘logic’ 1. Logic in the Koran 2. About the Koran 3. Logic in the hadiths 4. A fortiori in fiqh,
based on Hallaq 5. Other presentations
and issues 6. The dayo principle
and more 7. The essence of
Islamic discourse
12. A fortiori in China and
India 1. Zen logic in general 2. A fortiori use in
Zen 3. The Indian kaimutika
PART III – MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY AUTHORS 13. Moses Mielziner 1. Description of the
argument 2. Structural analyses 3. Concerning the jus
talionis 4. Restrictions and
refutations
14. Adolf Schwarz 1. Equation to
syllogism 2.
Jacobs’ critique 3.
Kunst’s critique 4.
Wiseman on Schwarz 5. Why a fortiori is
not syllogism
15. Saul Lieberman 1. Hermogenes 2. Influences on rabbis 3. Reassessment 4. Cicero
16. Louis Jacobs 1. The simple and
complex types 2. Deficiencies in
Jacobs’ forms 3. More comments on
Jacobs’ work 4. A more recent
contribution
17. Heinrich Guggenheimer 1. Tout un programme 2. Theory of a fortiori 3. A faulty approach
18. Adin Steinsaltz 1. Qal vachomer and
dayo 2. A recurrent fallacy 3. Lack of formalism
19. Jonathan Cohen 1. Formula for a
fortiori 2. Fallacy of diverse
weights 3. No effort of
validation
20. Michael Avraham 1. Model of a fortiori 2. Outlook on a
fortiori 3. On Baba Qama 2:5
21. Gabriel Abitbol 1. Name and functioning 2. Tabular
representation 3. Treatment of dayo 4. Refutations 5. Closing remarks
22. Hyam Maccoby 1. Purely a fortiori
argument 2. A crescendo argument 3. Baba Qama 25a 4. Faulty qal vachomer
23. Alexander Samely 1. General definition 2. Descriptive formula 3. Three alleged
techniques 4. Bava Kamma 25a-b 5. Samely’s online
database 6. My critical
researches
24. Lenartowicz and
Koszteyn 1. The form of the
argument 2. The dayo principle 3. Epistemic
substitution
25. Abraham, Gabbay and
Schild 1. Their opinion of
past work 2. Their erroneous
basic premise 3. Some errors of logic 4. Mixing apples and
oranges 5. Quid pro quo Addendum to
chapter 25
26. Stefan Goltzberg 1. Source of his
definition 2. Soundness of the
argument 3. The dayo principle 4. His
“two-dimensional” theory
27. Andrew Schumann 1. Interpretation of
Baba Qama 25a 2. Syllogism as a
fortiori 3. Grandiosity without
substance 4. Logic custom-made 5. Not logic, but
lunacy
28. Allen Wiseman 1. Definition and Moods 2. Inductive a fortiori 3. Abduction and
conduction 4. Proportional a
fortiori 5. The dayo principle 6. The scope of dayo 7. Miriam and Aaron 8. Summing up
29. Yisrael Ury 1. An ingenious idea 2. Diagrams for a
fortiori argument 3. No a crescendo or
dayo 4. Kol zeh achnis
30. Hubert Marraud 1. Warrants and
premises 2. The main form of a
fortiori 3. So-called
meta-arguments 4. Paulo minor argument 5. Legal a fortiori
argument
31. Various other
commentaries 1. H. S. Hirschfeld 2. H.W.B. Joseph 3.
Moshe Ostrovsky 4.
Pierre André Lalande 5.
David Daube 6. Meir Zvi Bergman 7. Strack and
Stemberger 8. Meir Brachfeld 9. Gary G. Porton 10. Mordechai Torczyner 11.
Ron Villanova 12.
Giovanni Sartor 13. And others still
32. A fortiori in various
lexicons 1. The Jewish
Encyclopedia 2. Encyclopaedia
Judaica 3. Encyclopedia
Talmudit 4. How to define a
fortiori 5. Various dictionaries
and encyclopedias 6. Wikipedia
33. Conclusions and
prospects 1. My past errors and
present improvements 2. Historical research
into logic 3. Assessing
contemporaries 4. Perspectives
APPENDICES 1. A fortiori discourse
in the Jewish Bible 2. A fortiori discourse
in the Mishna 3. A fortiori discourse
in the two Talmuds 4. A fortiori discourse
by Plato and Aristotle 1. Plato 2. Aristotle
5. A fortiori discourse
in other world literature 1. Ancient
literature 2. More recent
literature
6. Logic in the Torah 7.
Some logic topics of general interest 1. About
modern symbolic logic 2. The
triviality of the existential import doctrine 3. The vanity of
the tetralemma 4. The Liar paradox
(redux) 5. The
Russell paradox (redux)
Main References | 
